Discover how to lower the risk of falling for elders and those who care for them by understanding the risk factors for falls.
To avoid falls, educate yourself on the risk factors.
Falls are the leading cause of injury for the elderly, but accidents like this can happen to anyone at any age. Most falls can be traced back to some underlying cause. These can be anything like a medical issue or disability you have, or they could be things like potential dangers in your own house or neighborhood. Muscle weakness, especially in the legs, poor balance, and trouble walking are all factors that increase the likelihood that you will experience a dip in blood pressure (postural hypotension) when you stand up from a seated or lying position.
Falls can result in shattered bones, such as fractures to the hip, arms, or wrists. It could potentially result in concussions. Those who experience repeated falls may start to avoid going about their daily lives for fear of another one. You become weaker when you engage in less physical exercise, which raises your risk of falling. Accidents and other risk factors can lead to falls, but these can be prevented.
Personal Fall Risk Factors
Avoid the fall-risk factors.
Multiple reasons contribute to the majority of falls. The bigger the number of risk variables, the higher the probability of a fall.
- Fragile muscles
- Inability to walk independently due to poor balance and coordination.
- Postural hypotension (a rapid dip in blood pressure while rising from a laying or seated position)
- Poor foot health or inappropriate footwear
- Poor eyesight caused by factors like not wearing corrective lenses or dealing with a medical condition like cataracts or glaucoma.
- Some drugs have side effects that can cause dizziness or confusion.
- Reduced responsiveness
- Previously fallen
- suffer from a long-term illness such as asthma, cancer, a heart issue, a stroke, or Parkinson’s disease
- having difficulty controlling their bladder, resulting in frequent toilet visits
- struggle with memory loss, melancholy, or a general sense of poor health
Suggestions for Fall Prevention and Risk Reduction
1. Keep your body active to reduce the risk of falling
The risk of falling can be mitigated by engaging in regular physical activity.
You can improve your stamina by doing 150 to 300 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week. Incorporate strength, balance, and flexibility training into your weekly routine at least three times. You may strengthen your muscles and enhance your balance, for instance, by engaging in physical activities like Tai Chi, Pilates, or swimming. Do cardiovascular exercises like brisk walking, Zumba, or cycling on the other days of the week to boost your heart and circulatory systems. You will notice an improvement in your equilibrium and gait, which will lessen the likelihood of falls. Exercising regularly is another way to lessen the impact of postural hypotension.Get in shape with these seven simple exercises.
2. Maintain a Healthy Bone Structure
Milk’s significant calcium content will help you maintain strong bones.
Weak bones are more prone to breaking. Osteoporosis describes this condition. Maintaining healthy bone mass requires a daily intake of calcium-rich foods. Low-fat milk, sardines, and cheese are all good examples of these. Vitamin D from sun exposure is also beneficial for bone health.
Calcium from meals is more easily absorbed into the body when vitamin D is present. Eggs, cod liver oil, and fatty seafood like tuna, salmon, and sardines are good sources. Going for a walk in the morning light is the greatest method to get enough vitamin D. Daily sun exposure of 15–30 minutes is sufficient. However, indoor pursuits are strongly encouraged during the hottest part of the day (10:30 am – 3:30 pm).
3. Get Your Eyes Examined Frequently
Maintaining good eyesight requires regular eye exams.
If you want to keep your eyesight in top shape, you should have an eye exam once a year. If you have glaucoma or cataracts, or if your eyeglasses are based on an old or incorrect prescription, your doctor will be able to tell.
4. Put on non-slip footwear
For the elderly to reduce falls, there are shoes available.
Choosing shoes with good traction will help you avoid falling over since you will be less likely to lose your balance. Shoes with a non-slip sole are necessary for safe footing. Wearing properly fitted and comfortable shoes can help keep you safe from harm.
5. Follow these guidelines to make your home safer
Preventing and minimizing the danger of falls by “fall proofing” your home is essential.
Fall risks can be mitigated by creating a safe atmosphere at home. Some suggestions are as follows:
- Create easy traffic patterns by moving items out of the way.
- Get rid of the clutter so you don’t hurt yourself by stumbling around. To avoid accidents, make sure all wires are tucked neatly against the walls. Put them in a safe place, out of the way of traffic.
- To prevent slips and falls, use non-slip mats in wet areas such as the kitchen and bathroom.
- Grab bars can be installed on stairways and in bathrooms to help those who need it.
- To lessen the likelihood of slipping, you should avoid walking on wet floors and promptly clean up any messes or spills.
- Location of frequently used things should be convenient. For instance, at the depths of a cabinet or shelf.
- Make sure there is plenty of lighting in your house. Place a lamp next to your bed in case you need to get up and use the restroom in the middle of the night, and think about turning on additional lights in dim rooms like stairwells.
- If you sit on the edge of the bed, your feet should be flat on the floor. Take a few moments to sit up straight before getting up to improve blood circulation.
6. Talk to Your Doctor About Your Medication
Discuss the medications you are currently taking with your doctor.
If you take four or more medications, you should schedule an annual evaluation with your doctor. You may be more at risk for a fall if you take a drug that affects your balance or coordination, or that causes dizziness, disorientation, or tiredness.
You should bring any vitamins or supplements you take regularly in case they interact negatively with your medicine. Never use any new drug or supplement without first talking to your doctor.
7. Don’t Drink
The danger of falling increases with alcohol consumption.
Alcohol impairs your coordination and reaction time, increasing the risk of slips, falls, and broken bones.